Txhua xyoo, European Commission tau coj los ua ke hauv tebchaws EU cov tub ceev xwm los ua haujlwm ua ke ntawm kev kuaj xyuas kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom lag luam los ntawm kev pib hu ua Coordinated Product Safety Actions (CASP). Cov kev sim no tau ua raws li cov kev cai nruj hauv cov chaw soj ntsuam EU lees paub ntawm ntau yam khoom, uas raug xaiv txhua xyoo los ntawm cov koom haum saib xyuas kev lag luam los ntawm 27 EU cov tswv cuab, nrog rau Norway, Iceland thiab Liechtenstein.
Xyoo 2020, CASP tau sim 686 tus qauv los ntawm xya pawg sib txawv. Cov no suav nrog cov menyuam yaus cov khoom ua si, cov khoom siv ua si sab nraum zoov, menyuam yaus lub zes thiab pw tsaug zog, cables, cov khoom siv hauv chav ua noj me me, hniav nyiaj hniav kub thiab muaj cov hlau txaus ntshai thiab cov menyuam yaus lub rooj zaum. Raws li ntau cov qauv ua tsis tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua, ntau cov lus pom zoo thiab kev ceeb toom kev pheej hmoo kuj tau muab tso rau hauv txhua pawg, uas peb yuav tau txais tom qab.
Cov duab thaij duab
Nyob rau hauv lub gallery ntawm kab lus no, koj tuaj yeem pom thawj ntu ntawm qhov kev sim, thaum muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm 507 cov qauv hauv 6 pawg tau txheeb xyuas. Nitrosamines feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov khoom ua si, ua raws li cov khoom siv hauv chav ua noj me me, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov khoom ua si sab nraum zoov npaj rau siv hauv tsev, cov thawv zes, txaj txaj thiab hnab pw, thiab lub rooj zaum hauv tsheb. Nyob rau theem no, tsuas yog 30% ntawm cov qauv ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Tab sis qhov no tsis tas txhais tau tias 70% ntawm cov khoom ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo loj. Tshwj xeeb, 34 tus qauv sawv cev tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo, 148 qhov kev pheej hmoo tsawg, 26 qhov kev pheej hmoo nruab nrab, 47 qhov kev pheej hmoo siab, 30 qhov kev pheej hmoo hnyav thiab 70 cov qauv tseem tsis tau kuaj pom. Cov kab hluav taws xob tau tshwm sim muaj kev nyab xeeb tshaj plaws, nrog 77% ntawm cov qauv ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, qhov tsis txaus ntseeg 97% ntawm cov qauv rau menyuam yaus lub zes, menyuam txaj txaj thiab menyuam lub hnab pw tsis tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua.
Cov duab thaij duab
Txoj kev tshawb no tom qab ceeb toom tias tib neeg yuav tsum paub txog kev pheej hmoo uas yuav tshwm sim. Yog li ntawd, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob tso lub hnab yas kom ncav cuag cov menyuam yaus, ceev faj ntawm cov khoom me me, ceev faj cov khoom siv tsis zoo, xyuas seb cov khoom ua si puas tsim nyog rau cov menyuam hnub nyoog, ceev faj ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob overheating thiab yuav tsum tau. ceev faj ntawm kev teeb tsa lub tsheb tsis zoo. Vim li no, txhawm rau txo kev pheej hmoo, nws raug nquahu kom ua tib zoo xyuas cov cim thiab ua raws li cov lus qhia, yuav tsuas yog los ntawm cov khw tshwj xeeb (yog tias ua tau), saib xyuas cov menyuam yaus txhua lub sijhawm, yuav cov khoom siv nrog CE cim, ib txwm qhia txog kev nyab xeeb. teeb meem rau tus neeg muag khoom lossis cov chaw tsim khoom, tsis txhob tso siab rau cov menyuam yaus nrog cov khoom uas tsis yog rau lawv thiab ib txwm siv lawv tsuas yog rau lub hom phiaj uas lawv tau npaj.
Cov duab thaij duab
Raws li tseem muaj kev txaus siab rau kev yuav khoom hauv online, raws li ib feem ntawm CASP Online 2020 kev sim, cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub kuj tau sim rau qhov muaj cov hlau txaus ntshai. Cov no yog cov khoom tseem ceeb uas tuaj yeem xaj online. Hauv qhov no, cov kws tshaj lij tau saib 179 tus qauv, nrog rau 71% ntawm lawv npaj rau cov neeg laus, thaum ntxiv 29% yog tsom ncaj qha rau menyuam yaus. Ntawm cov nyiaj no, 63% ntawm cov qauv ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua thiab 37% tsis ua. CASP ceeb toom txog kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsis haum tshuaj thiab muaj peev xwm noj cov hlau txaus ntshai rau cov khoom ntawm cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub. Vim li no, nws pom zoo kom tsis txhob hnav cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub thaum pw tsaug zog thiab nco ntsoov saib xyuas menyuam yaus. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau xyuas kom lawv tsis txhob muab cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub tso rau hauv lawv lub qhov ncauj.
Kev pom zoo
Rau txhua yam ntawm cov khoom lag luam no, ib pawg ntawm cov lus pom zoo tau muab los ntawm qhov kev sim ua. Yog li dab tsi los saib xyuas thiab koj tuaj yeem ua dab tsi los txo cov kev pheej hmoo?
Cov menyuam yaus cov khoom ua si
Dab tsi yuav tsum tau saib xyuas?
- Ib txwm nyeem cov ntawv thiab cov lus ceeb toom. Kev taw qhia feem ntau yog muab rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog li cas tuaj yeem ua si nrog cov khoom ua si nyab xeeb.
- Cov roj hmab ntuj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj hnyav, yog li yuav tsum paub txog cov lus ceeb toom latex.
- Nco ntsoov tias koj muaj txhua yam zoo thaum yuav khoom hauv online informace, yog li koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas lawv ua ntej koj yuav.
Koj tuaj yeem ua dab tsi los txo cov kev pheej hmoo?
- Saib xyuas menyuam txhua lub sijhawm! Ib tug neeg laus yuav tsum tuaj thaum twg cov menyuam yaus ua si.
- Siv cov twj tso kua mis los ua kom lub zais pa. Tsis txhob muab ib tug piv txwv phem los ntawm muab balloons rau hauv koj lub qhov ncauj.
- Tshem tawm ntawm lub ntim kom zoo. Tsis txhob tso tej daim yas nyob ib ncig.
- Nyeem cov lus ceeb toom ua ntej muab cov menyuam nkag mus rau cov khoom ua si thiab khaws txhua daim ntawv lo rau siv.
Cov khoom siv ua si sab nraum zoov hauv tsev
Dab tsi yuav tsum tau saib xyuas?
- Ib txwm nyeem cov ntawv thiab cov lus ceeb toom. Kev taw qhia feem ntau yog muab rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog li cas tuaj yeem ua si nrog cov khoom ua si nyab xeeb.
- Cov roj hmab ntuj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj hnyav, yog li yuav tsum paub txog cov lus ceeb toom latex.
- Nco ntsoov tias koj muaj txhua yam zoo thaum yuav khoom hauv online informace, yog li koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas lawv ua ntej koj yuav.
Koj tuaj yeem ua dab tsi los txo cov kev pheej hmoo?
- Saib xyuas menyuam txhua lub sijhawm! Ib tug neeg laus yuav tsum tuaj thaum twg cov menyuam yaus ua si.
- Siv cov twj tso kua mis los ua kom lub zais pa. Tsis txhob muab ib tug piv txwv phem los ntawm muab balloons rau hauv koj lub qhov ncauj.
- Tshem tawm ntawm lub ntim kom zoo. Tsis txhob tso tej daim yas nyob ib ncig.
- Nyeem cov lus ceeb toom ua ntej muab cov menyuam nkag mus rau cov khoom ua si thiab khaws txhua daim ntawv lo rau siv.
Cov menyuam yaus lub zes, pw tsaug zog, hnab pw
Dab tsi yuav tsum tau saib xyuas thaum yuav khoom thiab siv cov me nyuam lub zes, pw tsaug zog thiab lub hnab pw?
- Ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov lus ceeb toom, cov paib thiab cov lus qhia.
- Tshawb xyuas cov qauv siv rau cov khoom no thiab ua koj tus kheej kev kuaj xyuas kev nyab xeeb. Piv txwv li, drawstrings yuav tsum tsis txhob ntev tshaj 220 mm. Muab koj daim kab xev ntsuas kom siv tau zoo!
- Sim mus kav khw hauv khw tshwj xeeb yog tias ua tau, lawv cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav npaj tau zoo dua los pab koj.
Koj tuaj yeem ua dab tsi los txo cov kev pheej hmoo?
- Ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov phiaj xwm rov qab. Yog tias koj muaj cov khoom lag luam rov qab, tsis txhob siv tam sim ntawd thiab ua raws li cov lus qhia rov qab.
- Ua tib zoo ntim cov hnab yas thiab khaws cia kom deb ntawm cov menyuam yaus.
- Ua tib zoo nyeem thiab ua raws li cov lus qhia sib dhos ntawm ib sab ntawm cov neeg pw tsaug zog kom ntseeg tau tias lawv txuas nrog lub txaj zoo. Yog hais tias tus me nyuam tsis nyob twj ywm, xyuas seb lub folding sab yog nce thiab lub log yog xauv.
- Ib txwm saib xyuas cov menyuam yaus thaum lawv nyob hauv lub zes thiab tsis txhob tso zes rau hauv txaj.
Cables
Dab tsi yuav tsum tau saib xyuas thaum yuav cov cables?
- Xyuas kom meej tias cov ntaub ntawv kev nyab xeeb txuas nrog rau cov khoom, nws yuav tsum tau ua kom pom tseeb.
- Nco ntsoov xyuas cov ntim thiab daim ntawv lo rau ntawm cov khoom siv cable kom paub tseeb tias nws yog tsim los rau qhov koj xav siv nws rau. Koj puas yuav siv nws sab nraum zoov lossis sab hauv tsev? Xyuas kom tseeb tias koj yuav qhov zoo.
- Ua tib zoo xyuas cov khoom nws tus kheej. Tsuas yog yuav nws yog tias nws zoo li ua tau zoo. Yog hais tias sab nraud zoo li nws nyob rau hauv kev ua haujlwm zoo, muaj feem yuav yog sab hauv.
- Cov lus piav qhia ntxaws txuas nrog rau cov khoom informace txog cov neeg tsim khoom? Paub meej txog lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm cov khoom yog ib txwm reassuring.
- Sim mus kav khw hauv khw tshwj xeeb yog tias ua tau, lawv cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav npaj tau zoo dua los pab koj.
Koj tuaj yeem ua dab tsi los txo cov kev pheej hmoo?
- Xyuas kom tseeb tias cov khoom muaj peev xwm tuav lub zog ntawm cov hluav taws xob tam sim no uas koj muab rau nws. Overheating tuaj yeem ua rau cov yas nyob ib puag ncig yaj thiab muaj peev xwm nthuav tawm qhov chaw nyob.
- Cov khoom no tsis yog cov khoom ua si, thov kom cov menyuam nyob deb ntawm lawv.
- Ib txwm ua raws li cov lus qhia. Kev siv cov khoom no kom raug yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Cov chav ua mov me me
Dab tsi yuav saib xyuas thaum yuav thiab siv cov khoom siv hauv chav ua noj me me:
- Tshawb xyuas lub ntim rau txhua qhov kev nyab xeeb thiab cov cim ceeb toom thiab ua tib zoo mloog lawv. Kev ceev faj txog kev nyab xeeb yuav tsum tau cim kom meej meej ntawm cov khoom informace.
- Yog tias cov khoom zoo li puas rau sab nraud, nws yuav zoo ib yam ntawm sab hauv. Thiab qhov koj tsis pom, koj tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv koj tus kheej.
- Xyuas seb cov khoom puas muaj informace hais txog cov chaw tsim khoom, nws tseem ceeb heev kom muaj lawv cov ntsiab lus yog tias koj khiav mus rau qhov teeb meem.
- Sim mus kav khw hauv khw tshwj xeeb yog tias ua tau, lawv cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav npaj tau zoo dua los pab koj.
Koj tuaj yeem ua dab tsi los tiv thaiv kev sib tsoo vim yog cov khoom tsis raug cai?
- Ua raws li cov lus qhia! Nco ntsoov xyuas kom koj nkag siab lawv, ua raws li lawv kom raug thiab siv cov cuab yeej siv rau lawv lub hom phiaj.
- Muab cov cuab yeej tawm ntawm qhov ncav cuag cov me nyuam yaus thiab kom deb ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob xws li ntaub thaiv.
- Paub txog qhov txaus ntshai txawm rau cov menyuam yaus - lawv nyiam pab hauv chav ua noj, tab sis cov khoom siv no tuaj yeem kub!
Cov hlau phom sij hauv cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub
Dab tsi los saib xyuas thaum yuav cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub?
- Ib qho ntawm peb yam khoom uas tau sim thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm no muaj lossis tso tawm ntau dhau ntawm cov hlau phom sij, yog li ceev faj tshwj xeeb thaum yuav cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub.
- Raws li Tshooj 33 ntawm REACH Txoj Cai ((EC) 1907/2006), cov neeg siv khoom nug txog qhov muaj cov khoom muaj kev txhawj xeeb heev hauv cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub yuav tsum tau teb tsis pub dhau 45 hnub. Siv koj txoj cai paub thiab muab ob npaug rau xyuas seb koj yuav khoom dab tsi.
Koj tuaj yeem ua dab tsi los txo cov kev pheej hmoo?
- Saib cov me nyuam. Cov hmoov txhuas muaj qhov qab zib, uas yuav txhawb kom lawv muab cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub tso rau hauv lawv lub qhov ncauj. Yog tias tus menyuam nqos cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub, nrhiav kev kho mob tam sim ntawd.
- Txhob hnav cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub yog tias nws ua rau muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj. Yog tias koj pom cov tsos mob ua xua, tsis txhob hnav cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub tam sim ntawd thiab nrhiav kev kho mob.
- Tsis txhob hnav cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub thaum pw tsaug zog. Cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub uas tso cov nickel ntau dhau thiab nkag mus rau hauv cov tawv nqaij ntev tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau cov neeg siv khoom. Koj tuaj yeem nqos cov khoom me me ntawm cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub thaum koj pw.
Tsheb rooj
Yuav ua li cas saib xyuas thaum yuav lub rooj zaum me nyuam lub tsheb?
- Nco ntsoov xyuas lub ntim thiab daim ntawv lo. Xyuas kom tseeb tias koj nkag siab cov lus qhia thiab daim ntawv lo ntawm cov khoom thiab tias lawv muaj kev nyab xeeb informace qhia meej meej.
- Paub koj tus kheej nrog rau cov cai tswj kev nyab xeeb. R129 hom rooj yuav tsum ua raws li cov kev cai nruj dua li R44 hom rooj. Qhov no tej zaum yuav yog ib qho tseem ceeb los xav txog thaum yuav khoom.
- Sim mus kav khw hauv khw tshwj xeeb yog tias ua tau, lawv cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav npaj tau zoo dua los pab koj.
Koj tuaj yeem ua dab tsi los txo cov kev pheej hmoo?
- Nco ntsoov ua raws li cov lus qhia, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov niam txiv lossis cov neeg saib xyuas ua tib zoo mloog cov lus qhia sib dhos thiab ua tib zoo ua raws li lawv. Yog tias cov lus qhia tsis meej, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau rov qab mus rau cov chaw tsim khoom, tus neeg xa khoom lossis cov khw muag khoom tshwj xeeb uas cov khoom tau yuav los xyuas kom meej tias lub rooj zaum haum thiab cov menyuam yaus raug kho kom raug.
- Xyuas kom lub rooj zaum yog qhov loj me rau tus menyuam thiab lub tsheb uas lub rooj zaum yuav raug ntsia.
- Thauj koj cov me nyuam nyob rau hauv lub rear-facing txoj hauj lwm kom ntev li ntev tau mus txog rau thaum lawv ncav cuag qhov siab tshaj plaws qhov ceeb thawj los yog qhov siab tso cai nyob rau hauv cov lus qhia. Kev mus ncig hauv txoj haujlwm no tuaj yeem muaj kev nyab xeeb dua rau cov menyuam yaus vim tias lub rooj zaum nqus lub zog ntau dua thiab tiv thaiv lub taub hau, caj dab thiab qaum.
Kev sib tham ntawm tsab xov xwm
Kev sib tham tsis qhib rau kab lus no.